1 00:00:09,799 --> 00:00:12,002 tasks 20 tasks 20 is I think one of the easier tasks on a test 任务 20。任务 20 我觉得是考试中比较容易的任务之一。 2 00:00:12,002 --> 00:00:23,120 you know this is an opportunity again like task 16 and 17 to some extent maybe 18 and 19 for sure to get your examiner involved in the test 你知道，这又是一次机会——就像任务 16、17，某种程度上也许还有 18，19 就更不用说了——让你的考官参与到考试当中。 3 00:00:23,120 --> 00:00:25,340 so you're gonna the examiner is your student 所以你要让考官来当你的学生。 4 00:00:25,340 --> 00:00:27,530 so the examiner is your student 也就是说，考官就是你的学生。 5 00:00:27,530 --> 00:00:33,380 and you when I turn during the course of this when I start to actually give you the the task how I would do it 在这节课上，当我真正开始给你布置任务的时候，我会转过身去，演示我会怎么做。 6 00:00:33,380 --> 00:00:38,083 I'm gonna turn towards the camera and of course you're gonna be a long ways from me so you can see the loops 我会转向镜头，当然你离我会很远，这样你才能看清线环。 7 00:00:38,083 --> 00:00:39,701 but you're going to assume you're pretty close 但你要假设自己离我很近。 8 00:00:39,701 --> 00:00:44,343 and then I'm gonna ask you a question and you can just answer it like you're the like you're the examiner 然后我会问你一个问题，你就像考官那样直接回答就好。 9 00:00:44,343 --> 00:00:47,537 this this asks about timing which is fundamentally a pause 这道题问的是时机，而时机本质上就是停顿。 10 00:00:47,537 --> 00:00:50,670 how much pause do you have in the front and have in the back 你在前抛和后抛各留多少停顿。 11 00:00:50,670 --> 00:00:56,617 and so the idea is that you want to be able to teach a student the proper pause to short a pause too long a pause 所以关键在于，你要能教会学生什么是恰当的停顿、过短的停顿和过长的停顿。 12 00:00:56,617 --> 00:01:04,078 and fundamentally the the bottom line to these pauses and the issue with a pause that's not correct is that you're creating slack and 而这些停顿的根本要点是：停顿不正确，就会产生松弛。 13 00:01:04,078 --> 00:01:10,400 so that's really the principle here that's involved in a pause to long a pause you've got slack because your line dips 这就是停顿背后的核心原理：停顿过长，线会下沉，于是产生松弛。 14 00:01:10,400 --> 00:01:13,836 too short a pause you have slack because your line hasn't straightened out yet 停顿过短，线还没有完全伸直，同样会产生松弛。 15 00:01:13,836 --> 00:01:19,850 so in either case your rod is going to move a long way through the casting arc before it actually gets tension on the fly 所以无论哪种情况，竿都会在抛投弧中走很长一段距离，才真正让毛钩获得张力。 16 00:01:19,850 --> 00:01:23,743 and both of those two things too long or too short are going to cause problems 而这两件事——停顿过长或过短——都会引发问题。 17 00:01:23,743 --> 00:01:29,296 so I'm just going to start off I'm gonna play like you're the examiner and you're gonna just follow along with me 那我就开始吧，我会假装你是考官，你跟着我一起做就行。 18 00:01:29,296 --> 00:01:41,160 pretend you're the examiner and see from your point of view what this task looks like 假设你就是考官，从你的视角看看这个任务是什么样子。 19 00:01:51,420 --> 00:01:53,790 what I'm gonna do is teach you a little bit about pause which is timing 我要做的是给你讲一点关于停顿的知识，也就是时机。 20 00:01:53,790 --> 00:01:57,240 what's your proper timing how long do you pause in the front and the back 什么是恰当的时机，也就是你在前抛和后抛各停顿多久。 21 00:01:57,240 --> 00:02:02,340 on to casting strokes and the problem with too long and too short of pause 在两个抛投行程中，以及停顿过长和过短带来的问题。 22 00:02:02,340 --> 00:02:05,516 remember too that as your line gets longer and we're gonna discuss this a minute 还要记住，随着线变长——这个我们待一会儿会讨论。 23 00:02:05,516 --> 00:02:09,009 but just as a preview as your line gets longer you have to pause longer 先提前告诉你：线越长，你停顿的时间就要越长。 24 00:02:09,009 --> 00:02:11,347 because the fly takes longer to unroll 因为毛钩需要更长时间才能展开。 25 00:02:11,347 --> 00:02:17,419 so our idea here is to unroll the fly before we start our next casting stroke 所以我们的思路是，在开始下一个抛投行程之前先让毛钩完全展开。 26 00:02:17,419 --> 00:02:20,767 and to do that we need to be aware of where our fly is 要做到这一点，我们得清楚毛钩现在在什么位置。 27 00:02:20,767 --> 00:02:25,401 so I'm going to show you good pause I mean proper correct pause 下面我给你示范好的停顿，也就是恰当、正确的停顿。 28 00:02:25,401 --> 00:02:41,819 so this would be correct pause just as a fly extends just before it extends you start your next stroke your next casting stroke 这就是正确的停顿：就在毛钩腿即将完全展开之前，你开始下一个抛投行程。 29 00:02:41,819 --> 00:02:58,426 this is too long a pause and you can see what that causes is a big wider loop 这是停顿过长，你能看到它造成的是一个又大又宽的线环。 30 00:02:58,426 --> 00:03:08,330 and this is too short applause and if I tried to make a cast from here it's just gonna dump 这是停顿过短，如果我从这里抛投，线只会一下子砸下来。 31 00:03:08,330 --> 00:03:13,480 so what I'd like you to do right now I'm going to make different pauses and I want you to tell me what it is 那么现在请你这样做：我会做几种不同的停顿，你告诉我这是哪一种。 32 00:03:13,480 --> 00:03:16,580 it's a proper pause too long a pause or too short a pause 是恰当的停顿、过长的停顿，还是过短的停顿。 33 00:03:16,580 --> 00:03:27,850 so here we go identify this one for me 好，我们开始，帮我判断一下这一次。 34 00:03:30,340 --> 00:03:36,095 good you said too long a 很好，你说是停顿过长。 35 00:03:36,095 --> 00:03:40,890 pause now identify this one 现在判断这一次。 36 00:03:45,000 --> 00:03:46,000 good you said just right 很好，你说刚刚好。 37 00:03:45,718 --> 00:03:46,865 so that's just right that's the Goldilocks pause 对，这就是刚刚好，也就是恰到好处的黄金停顿。 38 00:03:46,865 --> 00:03:59,849 now here's the next one again too short of pause 下面是下一个，又是停顿过短。 39 00:03:59,849 --> 00:04:01,953 so remember as the line gets longer you're gonna have to pause longer and longer 记住，线越长，你的停顿就要越来越长。 40 00:04:01,953 --> 00:04:04,714 as the line gets shorter you're gonna pause shorter and shorter 线越短，你的停顿就要越来越短。 41 00:04:04,714 --> 00:04:08,206 because it takes less time for that fly to get out to the fullest extension 因为毛钩伸展到最远端所需的时间更短。 42 00:04:08,206 --> 00:04:12,169 so let's talk a little bit about how you can correct some of these pauses 接下来我们聊聊怎样纠正这些停顿。 43 00:04:12,169 --> 00:04:18,235 if I had a student who is pausing too short in other words they were doing this 如果我遇到一个停顿过短的学生，换句话说，他做出来的就是这样。 44 00:04:18,235 --> 00:04:26,430 you've got a couple options one is make sure first off that they have enough energy enough force acceleration 你有几个选择：首先，要确认他们有足够的能量、足够的力和加速度。 45 00:04:26,430 --> 00:04:29,421 that they can actually move their fly all the way to the front 能把毛钩一路送到最前面。 46 00:04:29,421 --> 00:04:36,012 because sometimes what's happening is they're just doing this I'm exaggerating it 因为有时候情况是，他们只是这样做——我这是夸张演示。 47 00:04:36,012 --> 00:04:39,729 but there's no way even if they paused properly they're gonna get a straight line 但即便如此，就算他们停顿得恰当，也得不到笔直的线。 48 00:04:39,729 --> 00:04:45,124 so what I want to do in this case is I'm gonna have them first off just start false casting 所以这种情况下我要做的，是先让他们做假投。 49 00:04:45,124 --> 00:04:49,400 and tell them to give it more power more acceleration 并告诉他们加大功率、加大加速度。 50 00:04:49,400 --> 00:04:56,205 once they've given it more acceleration and they'll still be Mike doing this but at least I know it's not an acceleration problem 等他们加大了加速度之后，如果还是这样做，那至少我知道问题不在加速度上。 51 00:04:56,205 --> 00:05:01,303 now I would tell them look what I want you to do is I just want you to watch that yarn 这时我会跟他们说：我要你做的就是盯着那根毛线。 52 00:05:01,303 --> 00:05:03,733 don't start again until that yarn is down 在那根毛线落下之前，不要再开始。 53 00:05:03,733 --> 00:05:08,212 I'll not even yell at them yeah now now now now 我甚至都不用喊他们，只是说：现在、现在、现在、现在。 54 00:05:08,212 --> 00:05:10,860 there's one other thing I do quite frequently 还有一件事我经常做。 55 00:05:10,860 --> 00:05:14,254 a student goes to cast and I'll grab their rod 当学生要抛投时，我会一把抓住他的竿。 56 00:05:14,254 --> 00:05:16,460 I'll warn them first I'll say look I'm going to grab your rod 我会先提醒他们，我说：注意，我要抓你的竿了。 57 00:05:16,460 --> 00:05:18,570 and hold it for just a split second 然后只按住短短一瞬间。 58 00:05:18,570 --> 00:05:22,680 so basically what they're doing is I'll try to do it off of his shoulders 所以基本上，我要做的就是从他肩膀上方把竿抓住。 59 00:05:22,680 --> 00:05:23,680 you can kind of see it 你大概能看明白。 60 00:05:23,603 --> 00:05:31,650 what I'm going to do is that they're doing this I'll just grab their rod and hold it for a second 我要做的是：趁他们这样做的时候，我直接抓住他们的竿，按住一秒。 61 00:05:31,650 --> 00:05:34,130 got the wind blowing a weird way here 这里风刮得有点怪。 62 00:05:34,130 --> 00:05:36,150 so it's kind of weird but that's what I'll do 所以看着是有点奇怪，但这就是我会做的。 63 00:05:36,150 --> 00:05:37,570 so that's a good way of doing it 这是个很好用的办法。 64 00:05:37,570 --> 00:05:41,303 and then just watching and the other thing you can do is have a person close their eyes 另外就是观察，还有一个办法是让学员闭上眼睛。 65 00:05:41,303 --> 00:05:43,447 I've done this quite a bit they close their eyes 这个我做过很多次：他们闭上眼睛。 66 00:05:43,447 --> 00:05:47,995 and are doing this and I'll just say don't start your next stroke your next casting stroke 然后一边做动作，我只说：不要开始下一个抛投行程。 67 00:05:47,995 --> 00:05:55,153 and Stella unless I say now now now now now now 除非我说“现在”，否则不要开始。 68 00:05:55,153 --> 00:05:59,090 and you should say if you're going to do that one say now 而你要做的是：如果要发口令，就说“现在”。 69 00:05:59,090 --> 00:06:02,905 just a tad bit before they start before that thing unrolls 要稍稍早于他们开始动作，早于那根线展开。 70 00:06:02,905 --> 00:06:06,923 because it takes a just a millisecond for it to register in a brain and get to their hand 因为信息传进大脑、再传到手上，需要几毫秒的时间。 71 00:06:06,923 --> 00:06:11,015 so if you wait and say now after the the yarn is completely extended 所以如果你等到毛线完全展开之后才说“现在”， 72 00:06:11,015 --> 00:06:13,441 what's going to happen is it's going to be a little bit late 结果就会稍微晚了一点。 73 00:06:13,441 --> 00:06:17,951 what about the one where they're not when they're pausing too long again 那如果是另一种情况——他们停顿过长，又该怎么办呢？ 74 00:06:17,951 --> 00:06:25,640 make sure that they've got adequate line speed to get a straight loop 同样，要确保他们有足够的线速来形成笔直的线环。 75 00:06:25,640 --> 00:06:33,219 if they're if they're doing this it doesn't matter they're gonna have a big droop anyway 如果他们是这样做的，那不管怎样都会有明显的下垂。 76 00:06:33,219 --> 00:06:36,337 so because the line just doesn't have enough speed that stays straight 因为线的速度不够，无法保持笔直。 77 00:06:36,337 --> 00:06:38,051 so make sure they have enough line speed 所以要确保他们有足够的线速， 78 00:06:38,051 --> 00:06:44,230 and then the next thing I would do if they're in this position here 然后，如果他们处于这个位置，我接下来会做的是—— 79 00:06:46,610 --> 00:06:51,120 you can stand with a noodle when they come back I'll just push it forward when they come forward I'll push it back 你可以拿一根泡沫棒站在旁边：他们往后走，我就往前推；他们往前，我就往后推。 80 00:06:51,120 --> 00:06:53,744 the other thing you can do is tell them look what I want you to do 另一个办法是告诉他们：听好，我要你做的是—— 81 00:06:53,744 --> 00:07:00,334 is with a second again go back to the same thing watch the yarn watch the yarn 再来一次，回到刚才那样，盯着毛线，盯着毛线。 82 00:07:00,334 --> 00:07:03,610 now now now now 现在、现在、现在、现在。 83 00:07:03,610 --> 00:07:06,230 so those two things I found very helpful 这两招我觉得非常有用。 84 00:07:06,230 --> 00:07:09,950 also feel again have them close your eyes and try it with their eyes closed 另外，也可以让他们闭上眼睛再试一次。 85 00:07:09,950 --> 00:07:11,870 so those are the things I would do 这些就是我会做的事， 86 00:07:11,870 --> 00:07:25,030 for somebody who's having trouble with two or in improper pause whether it's too long or too short 针对那些停顿不正确的学员，无论是过长还是过短。 87 00:07:58,220 --> 00:07:59,384 so that took about five and a half minutes 这一共花了大约五分半钟。 88 00:07:59,384 --> 00:08:03,590 now if you were actually with an examiner what I would have done is ask one of the examiners to be the student 那么，如果你真的面对一位考官，我会做的是请其中一位考官来当学生。 89 00:08:03,590 --> 00:08:09,257 what I'd like you to do mr. examiner miss examiner mrs. examiner is I'd like you to have too long a pause 我希望你做的是，考官先生／女士：请你故意做一个过长的停顿， 90 00:08:09,257 --> 00:08:11,403 and let me demonstrate how I would correct that 让我来演示我会怎样纠正。 91 00:08:11,403 --> 00:08:14,950 or too short a pause and let me demonstrate how I correct that 或者做一个过短的停顿，让我演示我会怎样纠正。 92 00:08:14,950 --> 00:08:19,914 therefore again you've involved your examiner again and they're actually becoming part of the solution 因此，你又一次让考官参与进来，他们实际上成了解决方案的一部分。 93 00:08:19,914 --> 00:08:23,180 the same thing with a with the basically back on cast 18 在任务 18 上，基本上也是同样的做法。 94 00:08:23,180 --> 00:08:26,150 you could have done the same thing on a teen with a tailing loop 对出现追尾线环的任务 18，你也可以这样做。 95 00:08:26,150 --> 00:08:29,673 you can demonstrate the tailing loop and then you could ask the examiner 你可以先演示追尾线环，然后请考官—— 96 00:08:29,673 --> 00:08:33,326 hey why don't you do the tailing loop and I'll try to show you how I would correct it 嘿，你来做一次追尾线环，我来试着演示我会怎么纠正它。 97 00:08:33,326 --> 00:08:35,162 any time you can do that that's fine 任何时候你都可以这样做，完全没问题。 98 00:08:35,162 --> 00:08:39,773 now some examiner's aren't interested they don't care about me and being included in the exam 不过有些考官不感兴趣，他们并不在乎自己是否被拉进考试里。 99 00:08:39,773 --> 00:08:41,599 they just want to know what you would do 他们只想知道你会怎么做。 100 00:08:41,599 --> 00:08:44,010 they don't want you to show them what you would do 他们并不想让你向他们演示你会怎么做。 101 00:08:44,010 --> 00:08:46,576 so it's the same kind of issue we talked about 所以这就是我们之前谈过的同一类问题， 102 00:08:46,576 --> 00:08:50,090 before we started task 16 在我们开始任务 16 之前。